The sys admin's daily grind: ASN
Charly's Column – ASN
When digging into BGP routing information, Charly avoids the highway through parameter hell thanks to the ASN tool. In addition to a system's AS number, ASN delivers other information, such as its peering partners upstream and downstream.
Every admin knows how to deal with IP addresses. Unfortunately, IPs never turn up alone. They belong to a network, and the network is almost always assigned to an autonomous system (AS), which uses the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to exchange routing information.
There is a simple way to find out which AS a particular individual IP belongs to. By way of an example, the following is the IP address of Computec Media's web server, www.computec.de. The associated IP address 62.146.104.133 can be discovered using dig or by simply pinging.
I then feed this IP address to a tool named ASN [1]. The shell script aggregates the output of several other tools and presents the results in a clear-cut way. It has a number of dependencies that vary depending on the distribution you are using. What exactly needs to be installed for ASN to work is explained in a separate section on the tool's GitHub page.
The output from calling asn 62.146.104.133 reveals that the IP address in question belongs to network 62.146.0.0/16 and AS15598 (Figure 1). AS numbers (ASN) are unique worldwide and are assigned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).
Figure 1: A first call reveals the ASN, among other things.
A second call with the ASN as a parameter (asn AS15598) provides a variety of information about the AS, such as the upstream and downstream peering partners (Figure 2). In addition, you can see which other networks are assigned to this AS besides the already known 62.146.0.0/16 and which paths the data packets take from the local AS to the destination (Figure 3).
Figure 2: Calling the tool with the ASN reveals a plethora of information, including …
Figure 3: … the routes the packets take from the home AS to the target.
All this information could be obtained in other ways, but thanks to ASN, I was able to save time and avoid a detour through parameter hell.
Infos
The Author
Charly Kühnast manages Unix systems in a data center in the Lower Rhine region of Germany. His responsibilities include ensuring the security and availability of firewalls and the DMZ.
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